Bên cạnh Hướng dẫn đề thi IELTS 21/11/2020 bài WRITING TASK 1 (map) về school library (kèm bài sửa cho HS đi thi), IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn Cách dùng từ PAST trong tiếng anh
I. Giới thiệu chung
IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
- Past có thể dùng như 1 giới từ (as a preposition (followed by a noun))
- IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- It’s past your bedtime.
- I walked past the post office.
- IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- Past có thể dùng như 1 trạng từ (as an adverb (without a following noun))
- IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- A policeman walked past.
- Months went past and nothing happened.
- IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- Past có thể dùng như 1 danh từ
- Past có thể dùng như 1 tính từ
II. Cách dùng từ "PAST"
1. Past dùng như preposition (giới từ)
1.1. Mang nghĩa"vượt quá,quá, qua, muộn hơn, sau "
IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
- Past mang ý nghĩa vượt qua nên sẽ dùng để nói trong GIỜ HƠN nhé!
- Học kĩ vị trí và cách dùng của giới từ trong tiếng anh mà IELTS TUTOR đã hướng dẫn, vì past là giới từ nên cũng sẽ tuân theo quy tắc của giới từ
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- I live on Station Road, just past the post office (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: đường Station quá post office 1 chút)
- it is past six (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: đã quá sáu giờ hơn)
- he is past fifty (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: ông ta đã hơn (ngoài) năm mươi)
- It's ten past eleven.
- I arrived at half past ten.
- It was past midnight.
- It's past your bedtime.
- It's five/ten/a quarter/twenty/twenty-five/half past three
- IELTS TUTOR giải thích:
- Từ past ở đây đóng vai trò là giới từ, ví dụ its five past three tức là 3 giờ quá 5 phút
- IELTS TUTOR giải thích:
1.2. Mang nghĩa"đi vượt qua ai đó"
=If you go past someone or something, you go near them and keep moving, so that they are then behind you.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- I dashed past him and out of the door.
- A steady procession of people filed past the coffin.
- He was never able to get past the border guards.
1.3. Mang nghĩa"phía sau (người, nơi chốn)"
=If you look or point past a person or thing, you look or point at something behind them.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- She stared past Christine at the bed
- If something is past a place, it is on the other side of it.
- Go north on I-15 to the exit just past Barstow.
- Just past the Barlby roundabout there's temporary traffic lights
1.4. Mang nghĩa"quá hạn, vượt quá mức"
=If someone or something is past a particular point or stage, they are no longer at that point or stage.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- He was well past retirement age.
- ...a piece of cheese four weeks past its sell-by date.
- The situation is long past the stage when anyone's advice would help.
1.5. Mang nghĩa"không làm cái gì nữa, dừng làm"
=If you are past doing something, you are no longer able to do it. For example, if you are past caring, you do not care about something any more because so many bad things have happened to you.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- She was past caring about anything by then and just wanted the pain to end.
- Often by the time they do accept the truth they are past being able to put words to feelings.
2. Past dùng như adverb (trạng từ)
Mang nghĩa là "vượt quá"
Nhớ học kĩ vị trí và cách dùng của trạng từ trong tiếng anh mà IELTS TUTOR đã hướng dẫn, vì past là trạng từ nên cũng sẽ tuân theo quy tắc của trạng từ
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- Three boys went past us on mountain bikes.
- Was that Peter who just jogged past in those bright pink shorts?
3. Past dùng như noun (danh từ)
3.1. Past là danh từ thường ở số ít
3.2. Mang nghĩa"quá khứ, dĩ vãng; những cái đã xảy ra trước đây"
=the time before the present, and everything that happened then
IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
- the past
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- Archaeology helps us to understand the past.
- He has made similar promises in the past.
- In the past, about a third of the babies born to women with diabetes were lost.
- He should learn from the mistakes of the past.
- We have been here before.
- We would like to put the past behind us
- The business has grown steadily in the recent past.
- Anyway, it’s all in the past now (=something unpleasant is over and can be forgotten).
3.3. Mang nghĩa"quá khứ của ai đó"
=the things that someone has done or the things that have happened to someone or something during the time before now/an earlier part of someone’s life that they keep secret because other people would not approve of it
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- My past as a player has undoubtedly helped me in my career as a coach.
- We discovered that the author had a murky past.
- a legacy of our imperial past
- Only his family and closest friends know about his past.
- ...revelations about his past.
- ...Germany's recent past.
4. Past dùng như adj
4.1. Mang nghĩa"quá khứ, dĩ vãng"
=Past events and things happened or existed before the present time.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- for the past few days (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: mấy ngày qua in past centuries thế kỷ qua)
- his pain is past now (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: cơn đau của anh ấy đã qua rồi)
- I knew from past experience that alternative therapies could help.
- ...a return to the turbulence of past centuries.
- The list of past champions includes many British internationals.
4.2. Mang nghĩa"vừa mới xong, vừa mới kết thúc "
=You use past to talk about a period of time that has just finished. For example, if you talk about the past five years, you mean the period of five years that has just finished
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- the past month has been a difficult one for him (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: tháng vừa qua là một tháng khó khăn đối với anh ta)
- Most shops have remained closed for the past three days.
- ...the momentous events of the past few days.
4.2. Mang nghĩa"thuộc về thời trước kia, không còn bây giờ nữa"
=If a situation is past, it has ended and no longer exists.
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
- past happiness (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: hạnh phúc trước kia)
- Many economists believe the worst of the economic downturn is past.
- ...images from years long past.
- The time for loyalty is past.
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